"One of the World's biggest spectacles". Many have so
described it. Many have come back time and again.
They have witnessed this mass movement of wild
animals roaming free through unspoiled and savage
wilderness. The air fills with the click- click of the cameras
tirelessly. You have not seen something like this before.
Africa is changing at a quick pace and human
encroachment into the wildlife reserves has continued
to erase the traditional routes. In association with
development and changes of the way of life, the
image of wildlife roaming free is slowly getting
erased. Fortunately, Masai Mara National reserve
holds on to its charisma of an open, limitless land.
It is one of the places in Africa that still prides in
wildlife concentration.
Masai Mara is located in the South-western of Kenya,
290 kilometers from Nairobi. The abundance of wildlife
and the remoteness of the reserve implants memories
that no money can buy.
The Migration is a recent phenomenon (60's and
70's was the biggest boom) with about 250,000
individuals. Gradually, with time the number
has risen to the current population of over 3,000,000
individuals. Add to it an estimated 1,500,000 Zebras
and the result is one of the most magnificent scenes
in the world. The massive display attracts hundreds
of big cats as the populations provide abundant
prey. The giant African crocodiles lie in wait,
patiently, as the big herds come to cross the river or
to drink.
It is the masai community who are not so pleased
with the whole phenomenon. The wildebeests compete
with their huge herds of boran cattle for the grasslands.
To them, it is a big calamity especially because the
wildebeests transmit diseases to their herds and poison
the waters with their fetal sacs.
This world famous migration is a circle of life
which, in simple terms, means that there isn't a
start or an end. Only where the herds are located
at a particular time. The big determinant is the
availability of pastures. The plains of Ngorongoro
Conservation Area in Serengeti are a favored spot
as grass abounds and the wildebeest find a safe
place to graze. It is also here that over 500,000 new
calves are born and many are taken by the nearby
waiting Jackals or Hyenas.
New borns have little time to strengthen their legs.
As soon after birth, the pilgrim" continues.
By April, the rains are over in southern Serengeti
and the plains have dried up. The great herds then
gather and face the long march northwards and
westwards. The natural lawn mowers abandon
the exhausted grasslands of southern Serengeti to
head for the already tall grass of the Western
corridor, near the shores of Lake Victoria.
The pioneers of the migration movement are
the majestic herds of zebras. They prefer the long
stems of the coarse grass. This way, they leave behind
shorter grass which is favored by the wildebeests.
In late June to July the mass start pouring into
the Kenya Masai Mara reserve where fresh, tender
and mineral-rich grass is already waiting. Here
they meet the resident Mara populations which
add up to about 150,000. Also commonly referred
to as the Loita plains herds, they spend most of the
season northeast of the Mara. When it gets dry, they
pour into the interior of the Mara in search of greener
pastures.
The migrating herds spend roughly 3 to 31/2 months
in the Mara crossing through Sand River, which is a
tributary of the Mara along the boundary of Kenya
and Tanzania. They trek westwards and cross the
Mara river and sometimes the Talek river. Usually
around this time heavy rains on the Mau Escarpment
(origin of Mara River) fill the Mara river to the brim.
This is a good time to watch the trunk-looking
Crocodiles, while they await the forthcoming feast.
Finally, the gnus (wildebeests) venture into the river.
This gregarious coordinated behavior of the herds,
usually teamed with zebras, creates an unimaginable scene.
Just what the cameras have been waiting for.
They wander along the river looking for a
convenient crossing point. This is a moment
filled with tension for both the gnus(wildebeests)
and the audience.
They survey for a less steep and with no obvious
danger. Finally, one takes courage and plunges
into the river and magically the rest falls onto
the footsteps and in one organized line cross the river.
In addition to the crocodiles, accidents also occur.
The river's current can be too strong for some especially
the young ones. Or simply getting stuck between the rocks in
the river and breaking limbs, a direct ticket to the jaws
of the giant crocodiles. Finally, the crossing is done
and the trek to their unknown (or known) destiny continues.
In the month of October, they are already heading
to Serengeti where the rains have treated the southern
grasslands to lush, green carpet of rich grass. Once
again, they are heading to the southern plains, where
a new generation will be born to start the cycle of
life all over again.
Author Resource:-
Peter Philip is the operator of Natural Track Safaris, a company catering for family outdoor adventures, camping and overland safaris in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda. For more safari information visit http://www.natural-track.com/tanzania_safaris.html
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